A 9 years old girl presented with fever, upper respiratory tract infection and
hematuria. Diagnosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome was made. What is the
most responsible organism?

Mother presented with her 3 children complaining of pruritis ani, positive
sellotape test. What is the most appropriate treatment?

A patient presented with bloody diarrhea, Stool analysis showed presence of
eggs and cysts in stool. What is the most responsible organism?

What is the common organism in case of discitis?

A child known with sickle cell anemia experienced hip pain with high grade
fever and TLC of 16 and ESR up to 66. What is the most likely underlying
organism?

A 18 years old male presented with unilateral scrotal pain, fever. Examination
revealed a tender swollen testis with urethral discharge. What is the most
likely underlying organism?

A 22 years old man presented with a wound on the lateral aspect of his
forearm. 2 days later, the wound appeared erythematous as in the picture.
What is the most likely underlying organism?

A 42 years old lady is for elective cholecystectomy after 4 weeks was
discovered to be a MRSA carrier. Before discharge, what is the best
decolonization treatment?

A patient developed infection affecting his right elbow. Yellow granules are
present in the discharging pus. What is the most likely causative organism?

Following a recent Heart transplant surgery, a 52-year-old patient presented
with pneumonia not responding to treatment. What is the most likely
causative organism?

While you are doing a total knee replacement using a saw, what is the most
important structure to worry about?

A patient had trauma to his ankle. Xray revealed no fracture. Ankle pain
persists. The most appropriate investigation is:

A 12-year-old overweight child presented with obvious limping and
limited internal rotation. He denies any history of trauma. What is the most
accurate diagnosis?

A 6-year-old baby was brought by his mother after she noticed that he has
evident limping with antalgic gait. She reported evident shortening. What is
the most accurate diagnosis?

A patient suffered a bullet injury entering from anterolateral aspect of the
thigh to the groin. He cannot straight his leg as a result. What is the most
likely injured nerve?

A 45-year-old woman feels a sudden pain in her left leg and feels as if she
has been hit in the back of the ankle as was playing tennis. Which of the
following is the most appropriate test?

A 20 years old man with a history of a pinned midtarsal fracture 2 years
ago is now presenting with tarsal pain at the site of fracture. Xray would
likely show

A 23 years old patient was admitted after falling on his outstretched hand.
His examination revealed that he has lost sensation over the palmar aspect of
the index and middle finger. What is the most appropriate Xray view to
detect the cause of this injury?

A 25-year-old man sustains a twisting injury while playing football. He develops
immediate swelling of the knee, and he cannot continue the game. Six months later, he is
still not able to play football. His knee feels unsteady and tends to give way. On
examination, he has a full range of knee motion. There is a positive anterior draw test and
a small effusion. What is the most likely structure damaged?

During a game of football, Andrew experienced a twisted injury. The next
day emergency house officer found a positive patellar tap. He cannot extend
his knee. What is your diagnosis?

A 45-year-old man presents with fever and pain in his right loin and groin.
A soft swelling was noted in his femoral triangle. Diagnosis of a psoas
abscess was made. Which of the following statements is most accurate
regarding psoas major?

A 12-year-old child presents with left thigh pain. Xray revealed a mass in
the left femur raising the periosteum. Analysis showed Polygonal cells with
osteoid formation. What is the most likely cause?

A 21-year-old soldier presented with metatarsal pain. Xray revealed no
bony abnormality. 2 weeks later, Xray revealed callus formation. What is
the most likely cause?

A 30-year-old man presents to the clinic with intermittent pain and paresthesia
in his right upper lateral thigh. This was found to be due to entrapment of the
lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh. Which of the following is the most
accurate description of its anatomy?

A patient is due to receive an injection in sinus tarsi. This spot is
located between which 2 bones?

A 55 years old female complaining of pain in legs on walking and gets
better by walking uphill and pushing trolley with a positive cart wheel sign.
What is your provisional diagnosis?

A 53 years old patient presented with left knee pain. Xray revealed a
subchondral cyst with narrowing of joint space. What is the most accepted
cause?

An incision is made at the marked line on the picture. This incision is most
likely to cause injury of which of the following?

A 53 years old female presented with spontaneous fractures on minimal
trauma. Her laboratory investigations would probably show:

A patient undergone an operation in Lloyd Davis position. Subsequently, he
developed paresthesia over dorsum of the foot with loss of eversion. What is
the most likely nerve injury?

A patient presented with lost ankle and foot movements with leg shortening
and internally rotated, loss of sensation over all leg except medial aspect.
What is the most accepted cause of this deformity?

A patient presented with lost ankle and foot movements with leg shortening
and internally rotated, loss of sensation over all leg except medial aspect.
Which action of muscle would be preserved?

A patient was diagnosed as compartment syndrome. Examination revealed
lost plantar flexion. Structure affected in the deep posterior compartment
is:

A patient presented after lower limb injury with sensory loss over dorsum of
foot and big toe with weak extensor digitorum and extensor hallucis longus
muscles. What is the affected dermatome?

A 32 years old athlete presented with an open tibial fracture on the left
side. Following initial management, what is the best definitive treatment?

A patient was admitted to ER with painful arc between 60-120 degree of
shoulder. Which of the following would be the causative pathology?

A 45 years old man came with a 5 days history of severe knee pain, cannot
move the leg in any direction, he is apyrexial, WBC count normal, what is
the most definitive investigations to know the cause?

An elderly man presented with a sclerotic femur lesion detected on Xray
with history of hematuria What is the most accepted causative pathology?

A 51 years old male presented with painless frank hematuria and loin
pain. CT showed a 10 cm mass in left kidney. What is the most likely
cause?

A 45-year-old man is involved in a car accident. On admission he is in
hypovolaemic shock, and radiographs show a displaced anterior pelvic
fracture. On rectal examination, the prostate gland cannot be felt in its usual
position. What is the possible cause?

A 53 years old female received medical treatment for urinary tract
infection for the last 3 months. She gradually developed poor stream. The
most accepted cause is?

A middle-aged man presented with 2 days history of fever reaching 39,
loin to groin pain, 8mm stone at VUJ with a proximally dilated ureter. What
is the best mode of management?

A 49 years old female has nephrostomy for infected hydronephrosis 3
months ago. She is now undergoing hysterectomy for a fibroid. What is the
best investigation for follow up of hydronephrosis?

A 32 years old female presented with an inguinal mass below inguinal ligament
which is non- pulsatile, appears on standing and disappears on supine position
with a positive cough impulse and no thrill. What is the most likely cause?

Which of the following structure passes above the piriformis in
the greater sciatic notch?

Which of the following structure passes below the
piriformis in the greater sciatic notch?

A patient undergone a superficial U/S of popliteal fossa for a popliteal fossa
mass. What is the most superficial structure in the popliteal fossa?

A 70-year-old woman from a nursing home presents to the Emergency Department with
abdominal pain and vomiting. On examination, she is dehydrated, and her abdomen is
distended. There is a 3 x 4 cm swelling in her right groin which is non-tender, and there
is no cough impulse. At operation, a femoral Hernia found. Which of the following lies
lateral to the neck of the hernia?

A 38 years old man sustained a tibial fracture for which he undergone closed
reduction and casting. One hour later, he developed severe pain and
numbness in his leg. What is the most appropriate management?

A 46 years old patient presented with parathesia on the medial side of the
arm. His investigations revealed presence of a Pancoast tumor. What is the
expected root compression?

A 52 years old female is in the postoperative clinic after right mastectomy.
She complains of weak right-hand grasp as she cannot lift her suitcase, but
she can write by thumb and index. What is the expected nerve injury?

A patient presented with a 2-cm laceration on the base of the thumb.
On examination, while his palm is up, he cannot make his thumb
perpendicular with his palm. What is the affected muscle?

A 23 years old male presented after a surgical procedure shown in the picture. He
complains of sensory loss over the palmar aspect of the thenar eminence, thumb and
index fingers. What is the most accepted cause of this presentation?

Which structure forms the lower border of the quadrangular post
scapular space?

Which dermatome is responsible of sensory supply of middle
finger palmar and dorsal aspects?

A 62 years old patient presented with weak elbow extension, pain from
medial elbow radiating to the little finger. Which nerve root is responsible
for his presentation?

A 62 years old patient presented with lateral forearm sensory loss after an
RTA. Which muscle action is expected to be affected?

A 12 years old boy presented to the orthopedic ED with a distal forearm
non-displaced fracture with muscle loss. He cannot lift his thumb off the
table while palm is downward. What is the expected nerve injury?

What is the relation of ulnar nerve to the ulnar artery in wrist?

A 36-year-old butcher injures his left index finger with a knife, suffering a deep
laceration on the palmar aspect of the thumb. On examination he’s unable to
flex DIP of the fingers, which tendon is likely to have been injured?

A patient presented with lateral arm pain and weak elbow flexion. The most
likely affected nerve root is:

A patient had a neck injury causing laceration of a structure anterior to
scalenus anterior muscle. Which structure is affected?

51 years old Gardener injured the pulp of his index finger with plant thorn.
Three days later develops stabbing pain and erythema to side of nail. What is
the causative organism?

A child developed sore throat, breathing difficulty. On examination, the
doctor noticed a pseudo membrane which bleeds on removal. What is the
most likely cause of this condition?

A patient presented after RTA with bruised knee. Examination revealed
absent distal pulsation of the affected limb below the knee. What is the most
likely causative injury?

A 42 years old female patient on oral contraceptives presented with lower
abdominal pain. The pain is minimal in the right iliac fossa. Urine analysis
shows nitrates and CBC showed leukocytosis. The most probable cause is:

Histology of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis may reveal:

A 42 years old man presented after hand injury. Examination revealed altered
sensation over the palmar and dorsal aspects of the little and ring fingers and
hypothenar eminence. What is the most responsible nerve for this lesion?

Which structure passes through the greater sciatic notch dividing it?

While fixing the proximal interphalangeal joint of the thumb, a patient
cannot straighten his DIP joint of the thumb. Which muscle is likely to be
affected?

A patient presented with dorsal foot pain. Examination revealed a manifested
disc prolapse with weak function of both extensor digitorum and extensor
hallucis longus muscles. The most accepted root lesion is:

Regarding the deep posterior compartment of the leg,
which structure is the deepest one?

A nerve was injured lateral to the psoas major muscle during psoas abscess
drainage. Postoperatively, the patient suffered loss of sensation on the
lateral aspect of the lower thigh. What is the nerve root of the expected
nerve?

A 55-year-old female presented with painless swelling below the inguinal
ligament. It Is reducible, has cough impulse and there is no palpable thrill.
What is the most accepted diagnosis?

75 Years old male with inguinal swelling, the surgeon decides to operate to fix
this problem during surgery the swelling is founded to be medial to the inferior
epigastric vessels and it is reducible easy to the abdomen, what is your
diagnosis?

A 28-year-old male patient presented to the surgical unit 3 months post
colostomy reversal that was done as a treatment for a perforated viscus. He
now presents with severe abdominal pain, vomiting and swelling at the stoma
site which of the following is the reason for that?

What are the biopsy findings in Barrett esophagus?

A 43-year-old lady underwent lap cholecystectomy, and presented post-operative
with colicky abdominal pain and jaundice so she procced for ERCP after this
maneuver she is feverish and jaundice with severe abdominal pain in the right
upper quadrant, what is the most likely diagnosis?

A 50-year-old woman presents with a history of right upper quadrant pain
and jaundice which is progressive and unremitting. She reports that her
urine was dark in color and that her stools are offensive and difficult to
flush. By examination she has a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant
region. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

An alcoholic man drink all over the previous night and now Came With
200ml fresh bleeding Per Mouth. What Is the most probable Diagnosis?

A 73-year-old man is admitted to ITU with an attack of severe gallstone
pancreatitis. He requires ventilatory support for ARDS. Over the past few
days, he has become more unwell and a CT scan is organized. This
demonstrates an enhancement of the pancreatic tail. His CRP is 400 and
WCC 25.1. What is the most accepted diagnosis?

A 62 year old male present to the ER department with massive oral bleeding
by rapid examination he is hemodynamic unstable, patient now is
unconscious with BP 80-70 mmgh; in addition his investigation shown
prolonged PT. what is the most common cause of bleeding?

A 63-year-old patient complaining from calf claudication on walking a
short distance, by examination there is loss of tibial arteries pulses, what is
the most likely site of arterial occlusion?

A 74-year-old, man presents with a pulsatile swelling in his abdomen. The
principal abnormality within the wall of arterial aneurysms is loss of?

A 55-year-old male complained from abdominal pain he procced for US
that accidental discovered abdominal aortic aneurysm measuring 4.7 cm,
what Is the best plane of action?

A pregnant tall lady at 36-week gestation came with a sudden sharp chest
pain, her father died from MI, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is not considered as a risk factor for aortic dissection?

A 56-year-old diabetic male presented with painful foot ulcer, by
examination he has no peripheral pulsation bilateral. Patient has a history of
renal impairment. What is the best investigation for diagnosis?

What is the effect of smoking on blood vessels?

A 70 had been complaining of a mitral prolapse and mitral reguarge. He
presented today to the ER with sudden painful right upper limb which is pale
and cold in comparison to the other side. What is the most accepted
diagnosis?

What is Reciprocal of absolute risk reduction?

There has been ongoing audit regarding what is done to the patient. What
is the type of audit used?

A 70-year-old lady presents with a two-day history of constipation and
vomiting. On examination she has right iliac fossa tenderness and little
abdominal distension. A CT scan is performed and is suggestive of an
obstructing carcinoma of the colonic hepatic flexure (stage T3). What is the
best action?

A 24-year-old male with a history of a recurrent perianal fistulas in the
previous year and he is not responding to the management whatever
surgical or medical treatment, what is the most likely underlying cause?

You review a 42-year-old woman six weeks following a renal transplant
for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. She has now presented recently with
a five day history of feeling generally unwell with anorexia, fatigue and
arthralgia. On examination, she has a temperature of 37.9 and has
widespread lymphadenopathy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 50-year-old Patient came to ER assessment of consciousness level was
done according to GCS patient can localizes pain, open eye to pain and
inappropriate sounds with respiratory rate 8 what is the GCS?

patient with Extradural Hematoma Presented to the emergency department if having
hypertension and increased intracranial pressure. What of the Following are the
Components of the Cushing reflex/triad?

A 50-year-old alcoholic man attends the emergency department. His main
reason for presenting is that he has no home to go to. On examination he has
no evidence of involvement in recent trauma; a skull x-ray fails to show any,
evidence of skull fracture. He is admitted and twelve hours following
admission he develops sudden onset headache, becomes comatose and then
dies

60 years old fell from stairs, his wife believes he lost consciousness for 15
seconds only, he feels totally recovered now, what to do?